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Free Statistics Basics Flashcards

Statistics is the grammar of data — and a small set of terms (mean, deviation, significance) unlocks most of it. These cards cover the definitions that every course and every data-driven job leans on.

Study these 10 starter cards

QUESTION
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QWhat is the difference between mean and median?
AMean is the average; median is the middle value — the median resists outliers
QWhat is standard deviation?
AA measure of how spread out values are around the mean
QWhat is a normal distribution?
AThe symmetric bell curve where most values cluster near the mean
QWhat does the 68-95-99.7 rule say?
AIn a normal distribution, ~68% of data lies within 1 SD, 95% within 2, 99.7% within 3
QWhat is a p-value?
AThe probability of seeing data at least this extreme if the null hypothesis were true
QWhat is correlation?
AA measure (-1 to 1) of how two variables move together — not proof of causation
QWhat is a sample vs a population?
AThe population is everyone of interest; a sample is the subset you actually measure
QWhat is the mode of a dataset?
AThe most frequent value
QWhat makes a sample biased?
AA selection process that makes it unrepresentative of the population
QWhat is regression used for?
AModeling how an outcome changes with one or more predictor variables

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